３９　Brain【Sophia】Dialogue with the Universe

・Unnecessary connections of nerve cells in the human brain is removed rapidly when it comes to 11-year-old. Then, the signal is transmitted earlier by nerve becomes thick (development of myelin sheath), so that the brain becomes possible to perform processing efficiently.
・Myelination of the prefrontal cortex continues actively until about 25 years old.

○Features of the brain is learning and creativity.

☆The brain is the growing connectome!
... The brain is not only the fact that the most advanced structures in the universe, even it grow!

【Reference】 Wikipedia／Connectome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectome
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its "wiring diagram". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.
The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term "connectome" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.

【Reference】TED／Sebastian Seung: I am my connectome
http://digitalcast.jp/v/12145/

☆Comparable to the brain is growing artificial intelligence（ＧＡＩ）.
☆ Growing artificial intelligence（ＧＡＩ） is a complex of brain and artificial intelligence.
・ Because the brain is the most advanced structures in the universe.

○Situation of brain science research

【Reference】BRAIN initiative
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRAIN_Initiative
The BRAIN Initiative (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies, also referred to as the Brain Activity Map Project) is a proposed collaborative research initiative announced by the Obama administration on April 2, 2013, with the goal of mapping the activity of every neuron in the human brain. Based upon the Human Genome Project, the initiative has been projected to cost more than $300 million per year for ten years.

【Reference】Human Brain Project
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Brain_Project
The Human Brain Project is a large 10-year scientific research project, established in 2013, coordinated by Henry Markram (École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne) and largely funded by theEuropean Union, which aims to provide a collaborative informatics infrastructure and first draft rodent and human whole brain models within its 10 year funding period.The project is based inGeneva, Switzerland and was initiated by Markram.